Eswatini gives illegal foreign businesses 12 months to leave

What the report says

Eswatini’s parliament has backed a crackdown on foreign-owned businesses, giving owners at least 12 months to leave under a new Citizen Economic Empowerment Act, according to BBC Africa. The policy is aimed at increasing local ownership and participation by emaSwati, amid complaints from domestic traders that foreign businesses are dominating retail markets, especially in rural areas.

The BBC reports that enforcement has already started, with trade ministry officials closing some Asian-owned shops. Lawmakers were divided over how quickly the measure should be applied: some argued foreign owners should be removed immediately, while others said they should be allowed more time so local entrepreneurs can learn to run the businesses. Parliament later settled on a 12-month timeline, though BBC Africa noted the ministry could still enforce the law unless it is formally amended.

The closures follow inspections launched in August, some of which found businesses compliant, while others raised concerns about labour practices and administration. At least one case is still being investigated. The crackdown comes as Eswatini faces severe economic hardship, with the government saying the law is meant to expand opportunity and reduce pressure that could contribute to unrest. BBC Africa also placed the move in a wider regional context, noting tougher treatment of foreign traders in parts of southern and eastern Africa.